The collapse of the Assad regime in Syria marked a historic turning point in the Middle East, ending decades of authoritarian rule and fundamentally altering the strategic balance of the region. Understanding what led to this collapse requires exploring both internal weaknesses and external military pressures—particularly from Israel and shifting alliances within Syria itself.
Iran’s 1979 Islamic Revolution transformed it from a monarchy allied with the West into a radical theocracy determined to export its revolutionary ideology. Since then, Iran has systematically shaped conflicts throughout the Middle East by building a vast network of proxies, militias, and terrorist organizations, all with the purpose of asserting its influence, countering Western and especially Israeli interests, and establishing regional hegemony.
